<oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><dc:title>Book VII Print 38: Building complex under construction; United States artillery batteries; government political billboard</dc:title><dc:creator>Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives</dc:creator><dc:date>1960</dc:date><dc:language>eng</dc:language><dc:language>spa</dc:language><dc:description>Contains three sheets. These prints depict a large multistory building complex, part of which appears to be under construction. Included in the images are several frames showing the display of artillery batteries used by the United States military. They were probably used when the United States intervened in Cuba's last war for independence against Spain (1895-1898), often characterized by United States historians as the "Spanish-American War." The artillery batteries are located in a park, possibly adjacent to the building complex. Also evident is St. George's documentation of one of the first signs to appear in Cuba that used quotations from the works of the nineteenth-century nationalist José Martí as part of a state campaign to politicize the landscape with billboards. Quotations like this one soon became standard fare, although they were still a novelty in 1960. This one reads, "Toda la vida es deber. -José Martí (All of life is a duty.-José Martí)." In the left-hand corner of the sign is the word "Municipio," that is, confirmation that it was made by a government agency. This again would become the order of the day in 1960 as all nongovernment publicity or self-expression through public signs would become impermissible.</dc:description></oai_dc:dc>