- Galen2
- Arnaldus, de Villanova, -13111
- Averroës, 1126-11981
- Avicenna, 980-10371
- Constantine, the African, approximately 1020-10871
- Corti, Matteo, 1475-15421
- Cromer, Walter, d. 15461
- Gilbertus, Anglicus1
- Guainerio, Antonio, -14401
- Hippocrates1
- Ibn Māsawayh, Yūḥannā, -857 or 8581
- Stephanus, of Alexandria1