The collection consists of journals, financial documents, account books, correspondence, photographs and maps that document the professional and personal life of George W. Conover. The bulk of the material dates from the turn of the twentieth century, a time when Oklahoma was transitioning to statehood and the town of Andarko was founded. Conover's interactions with Caddo, Wichita, Delaware, Kiowa, Comanche and Apache Indians are documented in his financial records and journals. The collection also documents the distribution of land when the town of Andarko was founded in 1901. Conover's journals record daily personal and business activity and reflections on the death of his first wife Tomasa. Three printed maps (in broadside storage) depict Indian Territory, the Kiowa, Comanche and Apache Reservation, and the Wichita Reservation
Description:
George W. Conover (1848-1936), a native of Philadelphia, was a merchant, rancher and Indian agent in southwestern Oklahoma. From 1870 to 1873 he worked at the Indian commissary at Fort Sill, after which he moved to the area of Andarko to become a rancher, merchant and farmer. He published an autobiography, Sixty years in Southwest Oklahoma (Anadarko, Oklahoma, N. T. Plummer book and job printer, 1927), in 1927. He was married twice; his first wife Tomasa died in 1900 and he married Laura (née Smith) in 1901. and Materials in English.
Subject (Geographic):
Oklahoma., Andarko (Okla.), Caddo County (Okla.), Indian Territory., Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache Indian Reservation (Okla.), Oklahoma, Wichita Reservation (Okla.), and Indian Territory
Subject (Name):
Conover, George W., 1848- and Conover, Tomasa.
Subject (Topic):
Businessmen, Caddo Indians, Comanche Indians, Delaware Indians, Indian agents, Kiowa Indians, Land settlement, Indians of North America, Ranchers, Statehood (American politics), Wichita Indians, Government relations, Land tenure, Indian reservations, Politics and government, and Social life and customs
Manuscript diary in the hand of Henry Ridinger, 1878-1882. Ridinger describes his work as a herder in Colorado, landscapes and topography in Colorado, Navajo settlements, working in the hay trade, a shooting and arrest in Colorado, and his travel through Kansas to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). Ridinger describes life with a group of Osage, including the construction of buildings, hunting, fishing, agriculture, and Osage funerary and religious ceremonies. Ridinger also records his interactions with other tribes, including Pawnee, Cherokee, Ute, and Waco. He describes relations and treaties between the tribes, as well as the tribes' relations with the United States government, including the disbursement of food and clothing. Other passages describe copies of earlier treaties with France and Spain which the tribes showed Ridinger. A later entry describes the aftermath of the United States Army burning a Jewish settlement in Oklahoma in 1881 and The diary also includes an essay about the history of Native American treaties with the United States government and several pages of accounts listing expenses and sales of hay, wheat, and corn. The diary includes several drawings of people, horses, insects, dogs, and symbols. Accompanied by 3 photographs, one hand-colored portrait of Henry Ridinger, one of an unidentified woman, and one of a man and woman captioned "Uncle Sam [Ridinger] with his sweetheart who died."
Description:
Henry Ridinger (1851-1938) was born in either Iowa or Illinois in 1851. His family moved to Kansas in 1857 and he left home at the age of 11, circa 1862. He worked as a cattle herder and hay farmer in Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma for several years in the 1870s and 1880s. He later became a hay farmer in Lincoln County, Nebraska, circa 1885., In English., and Front and back covers are detached.
Subject (Geographic):
Colorado., Oklahoma., Oklahoma, Colorado, Indian Territory, and Kansas
Subject (Name):
Ridinger, Henry, 1851-1938. and Ridinger, Sam
Subject (Topic):
Agriculture, Cherokee Indians, Crime, Hay trade, Herders, Hunting, Indians of North America, Government relations, Jews, Navajo Indians, Osage Indians, Pawnee Indians, Ute Indians, Waco Indians, and Description and travel
An incomplete set of images from a portfolio of studio portrait photographs of Indian delegates to the United States created by the photographic studio of Alexander Gardner in Washington, D.C., for the Blackmore Museum, Salisbury, England, 1872. Individual tribal nations represented in this collection include Arapaho Indians, Caddo Indians, Comanche Indians, Keeche Tribe, Kiowa Indians, Tawakoni Indians, and Wichita Indians. Most of the images include a front and profile view of the individual, Individuals include Arapaho Indians Black Crow and the wife of Pacer; a Caddo Indian, Antelope; Comanche Indians consisting of Chewing Elk (Quirts-Quip), Gap In The Salt (Ho-We-Oh), Gray Leggings (Asa-To-Yet), and Jim; a Keechi (also known as the Keeche Tribe) Indian, Knee-War-War; a Kiowa Indian, the wife of Lone Wolf (Guipago); a Towoccaro (also known as the Tawakoni) Indian, the son of Dave (Caw-Lac-Its-Ca); and a Wichita Indian, Esquitzchew, and Incidental photographic prints in the collection include portraits of Dakota Indian delegates consisting of Big Foot (Che-Tan-Keah) and Cayote (Tshan-Gma-Ne-Toh).
Description:
Photographs are mounted on boards with typescript captions and image numbers 82, 86, 94, 95, 97, 102, 106, 111, 114, 117, and 120. and Plain portfolio case accompanies the collection.
Subject (Name):
Alvord, Henry E. 1844-1904. (Henry Elijah),, Antelope, Big Foot, d. 1890, Black Crow, Cayote, Chewing Elk, Esquitzchew, Gap In The Salt, Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882., Gray Leggings, Jim Comanche Indian, Knee-War-War, Blackmore Museum (Salisbury, England), and Keeche Tribe
Subject (Topic):
Arapaho Indians, Caddo Indians, Comanche Indians, Indians of North America, Government relations, Kiowa Indians, Tawakoni Indians, and Wichita Indians
Studio portrait photographs of Dakota Indian delegates to the United States created by the photographic studio of Alexander Gardner in Washington, D.C., for the Blackmore Museum, Salisbury, England, 1872. The imprints for the leaves, which include the title for the collection and a contents page, are on mounts printed by Gibson Brothers, Printers, Washington, D.C., Images of men include Big Foot (Che-Tan-Keah), Blue Horse (Shon-Keh-Tah), Cayote (Tshan-Gma-Ne-Toh), Dirt Face (Ma-Ka-The-Kon), Good Buffalo (Ta-Tan-Kah-Nua-Sh-Tah), Hard Heart (Tshan-The Shout-Ah), High Wolf (Tchan-Gm-Ani-Tah-an Ka-Ti-Ah), Lone Wolf (Tchan-Gm-Ani-To-I-Sh-Na-Lah), One Afraid of the Eagle (Vua-Lluh-Ko-Ke-Pah), Poor Elk (E-Ka-Ta Ta-Ma), Red Cloud (Ma-Kpe-Ah-Lou-Tah), Red Dog (Shon-Kan Lou-Tah), Slow Bull (Ta-Tan-Kah Hun-Ki-Sh-Neh), Stabber (Vua-Sha-Peh), Two Elks (I-Hh-A-Tah-Num-Pah). An image of two men depicts a seated Red Cloud shaking hands with William Blackmore, and Images of women consist of Ear of Corn (Va-How-A-Pah), the wife of Lone Wolf, and White Hawk (Ta-Chon-ka-Ska), the wife of Big Foot
Description:
Title from accompanying title and contents leaves., Presentation case imprinted "Photographs of Red Cloud & His Braves.", and Photographs are mounted on boards with typescript captions.
Publisher:
Gibson Brothers, printers
Subject (Name):
Big Foot, d. 1890, Blackmore, William, 1827-1878, Blue Horse, Cayote, Dirt Face, Ear of Corn, Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882., Hard Heart, Lone Wolf, Dakota Indian, One Afraid of the Eagle, Poor Elk, Red Cloud, 1822-1909, Red Dog, Dakota Indian, Slow Bull, Two Elks, White Hawk, and Blackmore Museum (Salisbury, England)
Subject (Topic):
Dakota Indians, Indians of North America, and Government relations
Studio portrait photographs of Teton Indian delegates to the United States created by the photographic studio of Alexander Gardner in Washington, D.C., for the Blackmore Museum, Salisbury, England, 1872. The primarily male delegates represent the discrete bands of the Chawana, Cut Head, Oncapapa, and Tachana. The delegates visited Washington, D.C., under the charge of Major Andrew J. Simmons, Images of members of the Chawana consist of Good Hawk (Ha-V-Ka-Washta), Red Thunder (Wan-Ken-Low-Tah), Walking Crane (Pa-Ha-Sa-Mana), and Yellow Eagle (Wama-A-Ke)., Images of members of the Cut Head band consist of Afraid of the Bear (Ma-To-Ko-Kepa), Bears Nose (Ma-To-Pa-Ge), Man Packs the Eagle (Whoe-A-Ke) and his wife, Medicine Bear (Ma-To-Ican), Red Lodge, and Skin of the Heart (Shanta-Ya)., Images of members of the Oncapapa band consist of Black Horn (Hey-Sa-Pah), Bloody Mouth (E-Wa-Hu), Bull Rushes (P'sa), and Lost Medicine (Wancan-Ya-Kea)., and Images of members of the Tachana band consist of Black Eye (Ish-Tah-Sa-Pah), Long Fox (To-Can-Has-Ka), and Many Horns (Hatona).
Description:
Title from accompanying title and contents leaves., Presentation case imprinted "Teton Sioux.", and Photographs are mounted on boards with typescript captions and possess image numbers 62-79.
Publisher:
Gibson Brothers, Printers
Subject (Name):
Afraid of the Bear, Bears Nose, Black Eye, Black Horn, Bloody Mouth, Bull Rushes, Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882., Good Hawk, Long Fox, Lost Medicine, Many Horns, Medicine Bear, Red Lodge, Red Thunder, Skin of the Heart, Walking Crane, Whoe-A-Ke, Yellow Eagle, Simmons, A. J., and Blackmore Museum (Salisbury, England)
Subject (Topic):
Indians of North America, Government relations, and Teton Indians
Photographs of the Menominee Warrior Society armed occupation of the Alexian Brothers Novitiate, Gresham, Wisconsin, January-February 1975. Images include interiors and exteriors of the monastery, portraits of Menominee Warrior Society wearing ski masks, portraits of Wisconsin National Guard Colonel Hugh Simonson, a children's sweat lodge, and members of the Menominee Warrior Society hand-cuffed to members of the Shawano County Sheriff Department. Group portraits include members of the Menominee Warrior Society, Wisconsin National Guard soldiers, and supporters Dennis Banks of the American Indian Movement and actor Marlon Brando. Incidental images include a portrait of Stanley Holder and a Tlingit woman scraping a deer hide with an ulu knife
Description:
Title devised by cataloger., Prints created by the photographer ca. 2000., and Photographs signed by the photographer on verso, often with accompanying manuscript captions.
Subject (Geographic):
Wisconsin, Shawano County., and Gresham (Wis.)
Subject (Name):
Banks, Dennis., Brando, Marlon., Luck, Owen Craig, 1947-, Simonson, Hugh., Alexian Brothers Novitiate (Gresham, Wis.), American Indian Movement., Menominee Warrior Society., and Wisconsin. National Guard.
Subject (Topic):
Indian children, Indians of North America, Menominee Indians, Government relations, Prisoners, Sheriffs, and Tlingit Indians
Photographs of the Menominee Warrior Society armed occupation of the Alexian Brothers Novitiate, Gresham, Wisconsin, January-February 1975. Images include interiors and exteriors of the monastery, portraits of Menominee Warrior Society wearing ski masks, portraits of Wisconsin National Guard Colonel Hugh Simonson, a children's sweat lodge, and members of the Menominee Warrior Society hand-cuffed to members of the Shawano County Sheriff Department. Group portraits include members of the Menominee Warrior Society, Wisconsin National Guard soldiers, and supporters Dennis Banks of the American Indian Movement and actor Marlon Brando. Incidental images include a portrait of Stanley Holder and a Tlingit woman scraping a deer hide with an ulu knife
Description:
Title devised by cataloger., Prints created by the photographer ca. 2000., and Photographs signed by the photographer on verso, often with accompanying manuscript captions.
Subject (Geographic):
Wisconsin, Shawano County., and Gresham (Wis.)
Subject (Name):
Banks, Dennis., Brando, Marlon., Luck, Owen Craig, 1947-, Simonson, Hugh., Alexian Brothers Novitiate (Gresham, Wis.), American Indian Movement., Menominee Warrior Society., and Wisconsin. National Guard.
Subject (Topic):
Indian children, Indians of North America, Menominee Indians, Government relations, Prisoners, Sheriffs, and Tlingit Indians
Photographs created by Owen Luck of individuals and events surrounding the armed occupation by Oglala Dakota Indians, American Indian Movement, and their allies of Wounded Knee on the Pine Ridge reservation, South Dakota, 1973. Images document ceremonies and gatherings, men holding rifles and manning roadblocks, the arrival of negotiators from the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America and the federal government, and government military forces. Other images shows a group in the doorway of the courthouse during the arraignment of prisoners and Tom Bad Cobb in the street outside the jail, both in Rapid City, South Dakota and Identified individuals include Ralph Abernathy, Tom Bad Cobb, Dennis Banks, Edgar Bear Runner, Clyde Bellecourt, Vernon Bellecourt, Pedro Bisonette, Wallace Black Elk, Leonard Crow Dog, Frank Fools Crow, Robert Free, Russell Means, Sid Mills, and Nellie Red Owl
Description:
Title devised by cataloger., Prints created by the photographer ca. 2000., and Photographs signed by the photographer on verso, often with accompanying manuscript captions.
Subject (Geographic):
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (S.D.) and Wounded Knee (S.D.)
Subject (Name):
Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990., Bad Cobb, Tom., Banks, Dennis., Bear Runner, Edgar., Bellecourt, Clyde H. 1936- (Clyde Howard),, Bellecourt, Vernon., Bisonette, Pedro., Black Elk, Wallace H., Crow Dog, Leonard, 1942-, Free, Robert., Luck, Owen Craig, 1947-, Means, Russell, 1939-2012., Mills, Sid., Red Owl, Nellie., American Indian Movement., and National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America.
Subject (Topic):
Indians of North America, Oglala Indians, Government relations, and History
Photographs created by Owen Luck of individuals and events surrounding the armed occupation by Oglala Dakota Indians, American Indian Movement, and their allies of Wounded Knee on the Pine Ridge reservation, South Dakota, 1973. Images document ceremonies and gatherings, men holding rifles and manning roadblocks, the arrival of negotiators from the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America and the federal government, and government military forces. Other images shows a group in the doorway of the courthouse during the arraignment of prisoners and Tom Bad Cobb in the street outside the jail, both in Rapid City, South Dakota and Identified individuals include Ralph Abernathy, Tom Bad Cobb, Dennis Banks, Edgar Bear Runner, Clyde Bellecourt, Vernon Bellecourt, Pedro Bisonette, Wallace Black Elk, Leonard Crow Dog, Frank Fools Crow, Robert Free, Russell Means, Sid Mills, and Nellie Red Owl
Description:
Title devised by cataloger., Prints created by the photographer ca. 2000., and Photographs signed by the photographer on verso, often with accompanying manuscript captions.
Subject (Geographic):
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (S.D.) and Wounded Knee (S.D.)
Subject (Name):
Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990., Bad Cobb, Tom., Banks, Dennis., Bear Runner, Edgar., Bellecourt, Clyde H. 1936- (Clyde Howard),, Bellecourt, Vernon., Bisonette, Pedro., Black Elk, Wallace H., Crow Dog, Leonard, 1942-, Free, Robert., Luck, Owen Craig, 1947-, Means, Russell, 1939-2012., Mills, Sid., Red Owl, Nellie., American Indian Movement., and National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America.
Subject (Topic):
Indians of North America, Oglala Indians, Government relations, and History
