"Queen Caroline, stout and flamboyant, stands on the balcony over the porch of Wood's house in South Audley Street, looking down complacently with folded arms at the cheering crowd which fills the street. Alderman Wood stands cringingly behind her. A boy sits on a lamp-bracket, looking up, saying, "I've got a good place Jack I can see the whole of her." A sailor climbs one pillar of the porch, a little chimney-sweep swarms up the other. A man on horseback says: "Come down you Smutty." Another man shouts: "Clap my Boy! Clap her!!" A boy with newspapers inscribed 'Times', bawls: "Never Vas sich Times as these" [a catch-phrase]; cf. British Museum Satires No. 13729. The street is densely packed; spectators wave from the opposite windows and balcony. In the distance is a church, on the roof of which are spectators; one looks through a telescope, another asks "Can you see it." On the extreme right a parson on horseback is assailed with mud and brickbats."--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Attributed to Robert Cruikshank in the British Museum catalogue., Temporary local subject terms: Female costume: 1821 -- Male costume: 1821-- Parsons., Mounted on page 16 of: George Humphrey shop album., and 1 print : etching on wove paper, hand-colored ; plate mark 25.5 x 38.9 cm, on sheet 26.1 x 39.4 cm
Publisher:
Pubd. June 19, 1820, by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's Street
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821 and Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843
Subject (Topic):
Balconies, Crowds, Cheering, Sailors, Chimney sweeps, Clergy, and Telescopes
"Queen Caroline, stout and flamboyant, stands on the balcony over the porch of Wood's house in South Audley Street, looking down complacently with folded arms at the cheering crowd which fills the street. Alderman Wood stands cringingly behind her. A boy sits on a lamp-bracket, looking up, saying, "I've got a good place Jack I can see the whole of her." A sailor climbs one pillar of the porch, a little chimney-sweep swarms up the other. A man on horseback says: "Come down you Smutty." Another man shouts: "Clap my Boy! Clap her!!" A boy with newspapers inscribed 'Times', bawls: "Never Vas sich Times as these" [a catch-phrase]; cf. British Museum Satires No. 13729. The street is densely packed; spectators wave from the opposite windows and balcony. In the distance is a church, on the roof of which are spectators; one looks through a telescope, another asks "Can you see it." On the extreme right a parson on horseback is assailed with mud and brickbats."--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Attributed to Robert Cruikshank in the British Museum catalogue., Temporary local subject terms: Female costume: 1821 -- Male costume: 1821-- Parsons., and Manuscript "267" in upper center of plate.
Publisher:
Pubd. June 19, 1820, by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's Street
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821 and Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843
Subject (Topic):
Balconies, Crowds, Cheering, Sailors, Chimney sweeps, Clergy, and Telescopes
Caricature of Alderman Wood with the body of an owl, his head nearly in profile to the right
Alternative Title:
Queen's owl
Description:
Title etched below image., Statement of responsibility etched in lower right corner of image., Date inferred from timing of Wood's service as advisor to Queen Caroline, which began upon the Queen's return to England in 1820., Sheet trimmed within plate mark on three sides., For a copy of this design, published 23 October 1820 by S.W. Fores with the title "An emblem of wisdom made of wood", see no. 13899 in the Catalogue of prints and drawings in the British Museum. See also: British Museum online catalogue, registration no.: 1985,0119.97., Not in the Catalogue of prints and drawings in the British Museum., and Mounted on page 26 of: George Humphrey shop album.
Publisher:
Richard Dighton
Subject (Geographic):
England.
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821. and Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843
"Heading to a printed broadside: ... 'New Version', verses printed in two columns below the (printed) title. The Duke of York, with a gauntleted fist, strikes in the face the startled King, who staggers, decanter in hand, saying, "Theres no dependance on the Army." The Duke answers: "Not for you." A supper-table, with decanters, &c., overturns on the right, the King's chair on the left; the chair is decorated with an irradiated wine-glass flanked by bowing Chinese, and, like the table, is fringed by bells. Behind the King are two bottle-holders, the bottles in the shape of a 'Green Bag' [see British Museum Satires No. 13735], and so inscribed; they are Castlereagh and Liverpool, who are backed by Sidmouth and Canning. They say: "Never fear--we are here," and "Never fear." Behind the Duke is the Queen between two ladies; she says: "Fair play's a Jewell Face to Face Truith [sic] will come out." Four of her supporters watch from the left: Wood in his alderman's gown, and holding a 'City Address', says: "A blow has been Struck who feels it?" Burdett, next Hobhouse, and holding a 'West' [minster Address], says: "When Britons strike they strike home." The fourth is a barrister (one of the Queen's legal advisers, not resembling Brougham). The sixth and seventh of ten verses: Said Ca . . tl . . gh I know the Cause, Y . . k's for your 'R .... l Rib', Sire, Your M .... y shall have New Laws, You know we never gib, Sire. Said W . . b . . rce, with face demure, Divorce!...... we'll soon obtain it; Another Consort we'll ensure, His end......Y . . k ne'er shall gain it."--British Museum online catalogue, description of a later edition
Description:
Title from letterpress text below image., Tentative attribution to Robert Cruikshank from the British Museum catalogue., First edition?, An approximate date of August 1820 is given in the British Museum catalogue for a later edition; the same print is dated March 1820 in the British Museum online catalogue, registration no.: 1948,0214.831., Imperfect; sheet has been cut in half, with bottom portion (16.1 x 20.7 cm) containing the letterpress text mounted separately beside upper portion containing the engraved plate., For the third edition with slight changes to the verses, see no. 13830 in the Catalogue of prints and drawings in the British Museum. Division I, political and personal satires., and Mounted on page 38 of: George Humphrey shop album.
Publisher:
publisher not identified
Subject (Geographic):
England.
Subject (Name):
George IV, King of Great Britain, 1762-1830, Frederick Augustus, Prince, Duke of York and Albany, 1763-1827, Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821, Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of, 1770-1828, Sidmouth, Henry Addington, Viscount, 1757-1844, Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 1769-1822, Canning, George, 1770-1827, Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843, Broughton, John Cam Hobhouse, Baron, 1786-1869, and Burdett, Francis, 1770-1844
Subject (Topic):
Politicians, Fights, Bottles, Wine, Tables, Chairs, and Bells
"George IV (right), as Henry VIII (see British Museum Satires No. 13664, &c.), wearing ermine robes and ruff, sits on a dais under a canopy, his eyes turned sideways to the right. In his right hand is a goblet; on a table before him is a decanter of 'Curacoa'. Against this, at a lower level, is a second table on which is the mace; on each side sits a cardinal, gaping in astonishment at Queen Caroline, as Katharine of Aragon; she stands facing the King at the end of the table (left), wearing quasi-Tudor robes. She declaims Queen Catherine's speech, abridged: "Sir, I desire you do me right and justice, And to bestow your pity on me: for I am a most poor woman, and a stranger, Born out of your dominions; -- If, in the course And process of this time, you can report, And perove [sic] it too, against mine honour aught, My bond to wedlock, or my Love and duty Against your sacred person, in Gods name, Turn me away ;-- and so give me up To the sharpest kind of justice." Under Castlereagh's foot lies 'Mag[na] Charta'; his vis-à-vis cardinal is Sidmouth. Next Castlereagh (right) sits a lawyer, writing (? Leach). Beside him is a large bag with its neck encircled by hissing serpents; it is placarded: 'A Green Bag! filled with Spite Envy Malice. Hatred Lies &c &c &c' [see British Museum Satires No. 13735, &c.]. On each side of the King stands a bishop holding a crosier, one the Archbishop of Canterbury, the other probably Pelham of Exeter, see British Museum Satires No. 13946. Behind the Queen and on the extreme left stands Wood in his alderman's gown. Beefeaters stand against the wall."--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Date of publication from the British Museum catalogue., Text following title: Principal characters, King of England by the ****, Queen of England by the Q****, Cardinal Wolsey - L**d C*********h [Castlereagh] &c &c &[c]., Sheet trimmed within plate mark., Publisher's advertisement below title: Just Pubd. "How to get un-married" [British Museum Satires No. 13770]., and Mounted on page 21 of: George Humphrey shop album.
Publisher:
Pubd. by J.L. Marks, 37 Princes St., Soho
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821, George IV, King of Great Britain, 1762-1830, Sidmouth, Henry Addington, Viscount, 1757-1844, Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 1769-1822, Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843, Manners-Sutton, Charles, 1755-1828, Pelham, George, 1766-1827, Leach, John, 1760-1834, and Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.
"Companion plate to British Museum Satires No. 13988. Seated on a sofa, the Queen, wearing a large feathered hat, receives the news of the dropping of the Bill; beside her is a paper: 'Bill of Pains Thrown out'. Alderman Wood, in a furred gown more elegant than civic, capers before her, holding up his arms, snapping his fingers, and grinning with delight. The Queen looks up at him, with a gesture of surprised satisfaction; she is caricatured, but better characterized than in other prints, resembling the description given by Creevey of her appearance at the trial on 17 August. She sits facing a long scroll on which names of places presenting Addresses are inscribed (see British Museum Satires No. 13934, &c.): 'London' (in large letters), 'Westminster', 'So[uthwark]'. On the wall behind her is a (flattering) bust portrait of Bergami, wearing his decorations (see British Museum Satires No. 13810). In the doorway (left) are the leading members of a body of proletarian addressers; the foremost, with the curved shin-bones known as 'cheesecutters' which resulted from rickets, holds a paper: 'Address to the Queen'; they are received by a thin, sour-looking lady, evidently Lady Anne Hamilton. They have two banners: 'Queer Fellows' and 'St Gi[les]', but among them is the profile of Hobhouse, the radical M.P. for Westminster. Over the wide doorway is a picture or relief of two little puppets on a string: the King and Queen performing antics while the string is pulled by a fiddler and another man, watched by two bystanders. The room (in Brandenburgh House) is ornately furnished; a heavy curtain is draped round a pillar."--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Attributed to Theodore Lane in the British Museum catalogue., Approximate month of publication from the British Museum catalogue., Sheet trimmed within plate mark., Companion print to: Moments of pain., Mounted on page 36 of: George Humphrey shop album., and 1 print : etching on wove paper, hand-colored ; sheet 27.1 x 21 cm.
Publisher:
Pubd. by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's St.
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821, Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843, Bergami, Bartolomeo Bergami, Baron, Hamilton, Anne, Lady, 1766-1846, Broughton, John Cam Hobhouse, Baron, 1786-1869, and Brandenburgh House (London, England),
Subject (Topic):
Adultery, Crowds, Draperies, Interiors, Petitions, Puppets, and Rugs
"Companion plate to British Museum Satires No. 13988. Seated on a sofa, the Queen, wearing a large feathered hat, receives the news of the dropping of the Bill; beside her is a paper: 'Bill of Pains Thrown out'. Alderman Wood, in a furred gown more elegant than civic, capers before her, holding up his arms, snapping his fingers, and grinning with delight. The Queen looks up at him, with a gesture of surprised satisfaction; she is caricatured, but better characterized than in other prints, resembling the description given by Creevey of her appearance at the trial on 17 August. She sits facing a long scroll on which names of places presenting Addresses are inscribed (see British Museum Satires No. 13934, &c.): 'London' (in large letters), 'Westminster', 'So[uthwark]'. On the wall behind her is a (flattering) bust portrait of Bergami, wearing his decorations (see British Museum Satires No. 13810). In the doorway (left) are the leading members of a body of proletarian addressers; the foremost, with the curved shin-bones known as 'cheesecutters' which resulted from rickets, holds a paper: 'Address to the Queen'; they are received by a thin, sour-looking lady, evidently Lady Anne Hamilton. They have two banners: 'Queer Fellows' and 'St Gi[les]', but among them is the profile of Hobhouse, the radical M.P. for Westminster. Over the wide doorway is a picture or relief of two little puppets on a string: the King and Queen performing antics while the string is pulled by a fiddler and another man, watched by two bystanders. The room (in Brandenburgh House) is ornately furnished; a heavy curtain is draped round a pillar."--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Attributed to Theodore Lane in the British Museum catalogue., Approximate month of publication from the British Museum catalogue., Sheet trimmed within plate mark., Companion print to: Moments of pain., and Watermark: J. Whatman.
Publisher:
Pubd. by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's St.
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821, Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843, Bergami, Bartolomeo Bergami, Baron, Hamilton, Anne, Lady, 1766-1846, Broughton, John Cam Hobhouse, Baron, 1786-1869, and Brandenburgh House (London, England),
Subject (Topic):
Adultery, Crowds, Draperies, Interiors, Petitions, Puppets, and Rugs
"Alderman Wood, dressed as an elderly woman (as in British Museum Satires No. 13858) in bonnet with a lace frill, worn over a cap, and tippet, comes out of his house in South Audley Street, grasping in a gloved hand a large bottle inscribed 'Popularity'. He stands, directed to the right, between the pillars of the porch; above the porch in large letters: 'Refuge for the Destitute'."--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Signed only with Robert Cruikshank's name, but a collaboration with George Cruikshank is noted in the British Museum catalogue., and Mounted on page 26 of: George Humphrey shop album.
Publisher:
Pubd. by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's St.
Subject (Name):
Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843 and Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821.
"The House of Lords, as arranged for the Bill of Pains and Penalties, see British Museum Satires No. 13825, is seen from the right, so that the angle of the left and end walls form the centre of the design, the throne being on the right. The peers are crowded together to watch the entry of the Queen, complacently seated on a black ram with the head of Bergami; the animal wears two orders, and from its neck hangs a disc inscribed 'Santa Carolina', see British Museum Satires No. 13810. Immediately behind her walks Alderman Wood, wearing his furred gown and holding a decanter. Behind him, and in the foreground, marches Brougham, followed by Denman and Lushington. Her other followers hold long staves. A plebeian fellow in a red gown just behind the barristers may be Fellowes, her chaplain. A woman and a fashionably dressed man walking together are probably Lady Anne Hamilton and Keppel Craven, the Queen's Vice-Chancellor. From the crowd of her supporters emerges a pole supporting a cap of Liberty, and a placard: 'May our Wives be like Her' (which is against pictures of the allegations of the 'trial', see below). In the foreground (left) a ragged Savoyard sings, turning the handle of an orgue de barbarie slung from his neck. On the woolsack, in front of the peers, sits Eldon, saying "Go and Sin no more" (words quoted by Denman in his speech for the defence). On his right stands Grey, hands crossed on his breast, bowing towards the ram. Behind the Chancellor stands a peer, saying, "Innocent as our Wives." On Eldon's left stands a tall man, wearing the ribbon of St. Patrick. On the end of a bench in the right foreground sits a peer who has some resemblance to Liverpool. Behind him stands a man resembling Lord Holland. Among a crowd on the steps of the throne is Wellington. From closely seated peers (left) rises the word 'Guiltless'. In the right foreground, and screening himself by a cloth, a crouching incendiary, resembling Cobbett, holds a torch to a pile of papers. These are Addresses, with, at the base, 'Gunpowder Treason'. The other inscriptions are 'London Address', 'Leeds Address', 'Manchester Address'. The gallery (left) is crowded with spectators; against it and above the heads of those on the floor of the House is a medley of canvasses, supported on poles; on these incidents from the evidence against the Queen are depicted. [1] A Turk, Mahomet, dances (see British Museum Satires No. 13929). [2] The Princess and Bergami sit amorously together. [3] Bergami helps the Princess to dress as the Muse of History (see British Museum Satires No. 13890, &c.). [4] Bergami bathes the Princess (see British Museum Satires No. 13819, &c.). [5] Bergami and the Princess in a carriage (see British Museum Satires No. 13820). [6] The pair look from the tent on the polacca at a helmsman (see British Museum Satires No. 13818, &c.). [7] They inspect statues of Adam and Eve in a grotto ('Parl. Deb.', N.S. ii. 1094). [8] They sit together on the deck of the polacca ('ibid.', pp. 895, 920). [9] Seated under a canopy they are rowed on Lake Como. [10] The Princess dances a pas seul. Enclosed in an oval below the title are the Queen's words: "Here I am Riding on a Black Ram Like a w-e as I am, . . . Therefore I pray you Mr Steward let me have my C-n again." (By the custom of certain manors a widow who, through unchastity, had lost her freebench, or life interest in her husband's copyhold, could recover it by coming into the court on a ram, and reciting the above words ('crown' replacing the 'land' of the original), given in full in 'The Spectator' for 1 Nov. 1714.) The oval is flanked by the 'Savoyards Song' (? by T. Hook). Seven of ten verses (in the peep-show man's patter): '1. Who be dat de Ram do sit on ? Tis C- purest Q- of Briton. Who loves a Ram & Fleece to sit on. Doodle Johnny Calf.... 5. Who talk of 'Self' in dat Green Ribbon ? Oh! dat be de Man who put a Cap on To marry his W- & lives on Pension. O Vanity, Ingratitude. 6. And who in Grey do bow so civil? Oh! dat be de Great Bow Wow of de Kennel A Whig & half & half a Radical. Doodle Johnny Calf. 7. What Parson he, dat quote de Scripture To prove a W-e to be no impure? Oh! dat be de Protestant Sinecure. Doodle [&c.] 8. And who be dose Bravadoes dere, Who bawl out 'Guiltless' with great Stare? Oh! dey be de Cuckolds among de Peer, Doodle [&c.] 9. But pray, who in de chair do sit-a? Tis honest John di Cancellaria Who wants no Place, but Place to quit-a Ungrateful Johnny Calf. 10. So Sirs, we have shewn you all dose Patrons Who strip from our Eves their Fig Leaf Aprons And damn de characters of English Matrons Be wise in Time John Calf.'"--British Museum online catalogue
Description:
Title etched below image., Attributed to Theodore Lane in the British Museum catalogue., Month and year of publication separated within imprint; the month "Decr." precedes publisher's statement "Published by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's St.", and the year "1820" follows this statement., and Mounted on page 32 of: George Humphrey shop album.
Publisher:
Published by G. Humphrey, 27 St. James's St.
Subject (Geographic):
England.
Subject (Name):
Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821, Bergami, Bartolomeo Bergami, Baron, Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843, Brougham and Vaux, Henry Brougham, Baron, 1778-1868, Denman, Thomas Denman, Baron, 1779-1854, Lushington, Stephen, 1782-1873, Fellowes, Robert, 1771-1847, Hamilton, Anne, Lady, 1766-1846, Craven, Keppel Richard, 1779-1851, Grey, Charles Grey, Earl, 1764-1845, Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of, 1770-1828, Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 1769-1852, Cobbett, William, 1763-1835, and Holland, Henry Richard Vassall, Baron, 1773-1840
Subject (Topic):
Politicians, Legislative bodies, Interiors, Thrones, Sheep, Wine, Clergy, Crowds, Liberty cap, Organ grinders, Bowing, Torches, and Spectators
"Heading to a printed broadside. Four Ministers, summoned by the King, sit at a table bending over a crown broken into two pieces. Sidmouth (right), tilting forward his seat, which is a commode, holds his clyster-pipe; in his pocket is a bottle labelled 'Strong Mixture'. He says: "There seems to have been a flaw in it for some years it only required a slight tap to do all the mischief." Liverpool, next him, says: "Some Foreign Cement or a decoction of steel lozenges [see British Museum Satires No. 13513] properly applied may stick them together for the present, but I'm afraid it won't last long, the parts seem of opposite compositions." Castlereagh says, with a sinister smile: "By the Ghost of my Father I will hold it together by a Tringular [sic] Proceeding. & whip it all round" [see British Museum Satires No. 14135]. Wellington, dressed as a field-marshal, and wearing cavalry boots with huge spurs, sits in a chair decorated with military emblems; he says: "Steel filings and leaded paste is the only Composition to be depended on." At his feet are bayonets and cannon-balls, with (left) a cannon, and a huge ball inscribed 'Bolus'. Behind Sidmouth stands George IV (right) in consultation with Eldon; he weeps, holding his handkerchief to his eye, and says, pointing to his Ministers: "Cant Sid my Tool and L--r--pl, Some how contrive to mend it." Eldon, in Chancellor's wig and gown, holds the lower end of the mace against his chin with a puzzled scowl. He answers: "Dash my Wig if I know what to do! my head's in Chancery." Beside him are two 'Old Green Bags done with' [see British Museum Satires Nos. 13735, 13986]. At the King's feet is a paper: 'Straight Jacket'. By Sidmouth's chair are papers: 'A Blister for the Radicals if they Kick up a Row'; 'A Gagging Bandage', with a pot of 'Poison for the Q . . .' [cf. British Museum Satires No. 13868]. Also the words 'Filth', 'Dirt'. On the extreme left, John Bull, a stout and formidable 'cit', is seated on a bale inscribed 'Knowledge is Power' [see British Museum Satires No. 14005]. One hand is on his hip, the other on a bludgeon of 'English Oak'. He says, frowning at the Ministers: "I think the following prescription would be the best Cement, a handful of reformation; a large portion of the abolition of Sinicures [sic], a ladle full of the reduction of Taxes, with a plentiful solution of the Oil of Just Claims, and attention to the wants of an industrious part of the Community, would more safely ensure a permanent union with the separate pieces than all the cement or steel lozengers [sic] in the world." The Queen looks in through a small window, Wood looking over her shoulder; they watch the proceedings, tense and indignant. Above the King's head is a shelf of 'Chinese Toys from Hot Creek': a little pagoda flanked by figures of (left) a fat lady and a thin man (the Conynghams) and (right) a squatting obese man (the King). The last two of seven verses (of a 'New Version'): "She claims a share "To all (I swear!) "That I possess;--but mind her "Good C--tl--gh, "Look sharp--d'y' see "There's Radicals behind her. "A stronger pill "'S required still "Than G--ff--d's famous lotion; "Your brains well shake, "The corners rake, To give the jade a motion."--British Museum online catalogue
Alternative Title:
Disasters of a green-bag chief!!!
Description:
Title from letterpress text below image., Printmaker and date of publication from the British Museum catalogue., Sheet trimmed within plate mark on three sides., "Price one shilling"--Below imprint., 1 print : etching ; sheet 38 x 26 cm., Printed on wove paper; hand-colored., Imperfect; sheet trimmed resulting in loss of imprint statement and price statement from bottom edge., and Mounted on page 38 of: George Humphrey shop album.
Publisher:
Printed for O. Hodgson, 43, King Street, Snow Hill
Subject (Geographic):
England.
Subject (Name):
George IV, King of Great Britain, 1762-1830, Caroline, Queen, consort of George IV, King of Great Britain, 1768-1821, Eldon, John Scott, Earl of, 1751-1838, Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 1769-1852, Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of, 1770-1828, Sidmouth, Henry Addington, Viscount, 1757-1844, Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 1769-1822, Wood, Matthew, Sir, 1768-1843, Conyngham, Elizabeth Conyngham, Marchioness, -1861., and Conyngham, Henry, Marquess, 1766-1832.
Subject (Topic):
John Bull (Symbolic character), Politicians, Tables, Crowns, Medical equipment & supplies, Bayonets, Cannons, Cannon balls, Crying, Ceremonial maces, Bags, and Windows
